Charles S. Zuker
Wolf Prize Laureate in Medicine 2026
Immanuel F. Bloch
Affiliation at the time of the award:
Max Planck Institute, lMU Munich, Germany
Award citation:
“For transformative, widely applicable advances in the control of ultracold atomic systems”.
Prize share:
Jun Ye
Immanuel F. Bloch
Immanuel Bloch and Jun Ye have achieved major breakthroughs in our ability to control atoms and explore the quantum world with unprecedented precision. Bloch transformed ultracold atoms into a powerful platform for simulating and investigating complex quantum systems, helping to establish quantum simulation as a major field of modern physics. Ye has led the development of the world’s most accurate and stable optical atomic clocks, enabling measurements of time and frequency at extraordinary levels of precision and opening new possibilities for testing fundamental physics. Together, their achievements exemplify a defining transition in modern physics: from observing the quantum world to controlling, measuring, and harnessing it for scientific discovery and emerging technologies.
Immanuel Bloch was born in Fulda in 1972 and grew up in a small village near Schlüchtern, Germany – a place he remembers as having “more cows than people.” The son of a chemist and a teacher, he developed an early fascination with computers, electronics and science, but was determined to forge a path distinct from his father’s. A student job at a measurement-technology company helped crystallize what he was looking for: a field combining hands-on experimentation, technical ingenuity and fundamental questions. Physics offered precisely that combination. As a student in 1995, Bloch witnessed the excitement surrounding the first Bose–Einstein condensates and, as he later recalled, simply “followed my enthusiasm.” That instinct eventually led him to Munich, where a pivotal meeting with physicist Theodor Hänsch helped shape his scientific journey.
Bloch has established ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices as a powerful and highly controllable platform for exploring the quantum phases of strongly interacting many-particle systems. With new experimental probes, unavailable for electronic quantum matter, his work has led to new insights on the structure of many-body quantum states. He observed the quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator of bosons, pioneered quantum gas microscopy, studied many-body localization, and observed the evolution of a fermionic Mott insulator from the pseudogap metal to a Fermi liquid. More generally, his work defined the paradigm of quantum simulation and has had a lasting impact across modern physics and emerging quantum technologies.