Elliot M. Meyerowitz
Wolf Prize Laureate in Agriculture 2024
Elliot M. Meyerowitz
Affiliation at the time of the award:
Caltech and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA
Award citation:
“for key discoveries on plant developmental biology of relevance to crop improvements”.
Prize share:
Elliot M. Meyerowitz
Joanne Chory
Venkatesan Sundaresan
Elliot Meyerowitz (born in 1951, USA) is the George Beadle Professor of Biology and a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator at the California Institute of Technology.
Meyerowitz was naturally drawn to science. He grew up surrounded by relatives with a scientific background and was exposed to scientific literature from an early age. When he was in high school, he participated in a research
program of the National Science Foundation.
Encouraged by his chemistry teacher, Mrs. Diamond, Meyerowitz obtained an undergraduate degree in Biology from Columbia University, New York, followed by a Ph.D. in Biology from Yale University. His research focused on developmental genetics and studied the complex mechanisms of cell development, combining classical genetic methods with emerging molecular techniques. His postdoctoral work at Stanford School of Medicine, under Prof. David Hogans, further honed his skills, laying the foundation for his groundbreaking contributions to the field. Meyerowitz’s curiosity and exposure to diverse scientific environments fueled his commitment to deciphering the complexities of developmental biology. In 1980, he joined the California Institute of Technology – Caltech, as a faculty member, where he remains working to date. From 2000 to 2010, he was Chair of the Caltech Division of Biology. From 2011 to 2012, while on leave from Caltech, he served as the Inaugural Director of the Sainsbury Laboratory at the University of Cambridge and as Professor of Plant Morphodynamics at Cambridge. His lab at Caltech focuses on unraveling the mechanisms underlying plant development.
Elliot Meyerowitz has made a series of key discoveries in plant development and hormone biology.
The Meyerowitz laboratory pioneered the use of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant for research in molecular biology, genetics, and developmental biology. Meyerowitz and his co-workers developed the ABC model describing the molecular and developmental basis for flower structure merely from mutant analysis. This remarkably simple model still holds after more than 30 years and has been shown to be valid across the spectrum of all flowering plants, including cereals. A consequence of the development of this model and of the molecular cloning of the floral homeotic genes (which control the pattern of flower formation and early embryonic development), in which Meyerowitz has also been a leader, is that the structure and architecture of flowers can now be changed in a predictable way.
Meyerowitz and co-workers discovered and characterized the first receptor for a plant hormone, the receptor for ethylene, giving agricultural and horticultural scientists a path toward control of plant senescence and fruit ripening. The Meyerowitz group provided the first mechanistic description of, and model for, cell-cell communication in plants’ growing tips (shoot apical meristem). They showed that the stem cell population at the tip of the shoot communicated to the cells below by use of an extracellular peptide ligand, signaling to a transmembrane receptor kinase. Signaling peptides are now known to be a primary mode of cell-to-cell communication in plants. These scientific breakthroughs provide key knowledge for the development of improved and more sustainable crop production.
Elliot Meyerowitz is awarded the Wolf Prize for having made many outstanding and seminal contributions to the field of genetics and our understanding of the molecular basis of plant growth and development. He solved the century-old mystery of how plants create specific leaf and flower patterns, and his laboratory cloned and characterized many of these genes. He found the first-ever receptor for a plant hormone and was the first to clone and sequence an Arabidopsis gene. He was instrumental in promoting Arabidopsis thaliana as a ‘model organism’ used by researchers investigating plant biology and genetics across the globe. His fundamental conceptual contributions to the field of molecular genetics and plant morphogenesis have opened the field of modern plant science.